作者：邱世才

"情景對(duì)話"題無論在我們平時(shí)練習(xí)中還是測(cè)試中都是一個(gè)很重要的題型。許多同學(xué)對(duì)這種題型感到束手無策。今天我們就來談?wù)勥@種題型的解法。總的來說,我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)應(yīng)遵循以下"四要":

一、注意東西方文化上的差異

1. -Your dress is just wonderful!

-_______

A. You are right, thank you.

B. Thank you, and you?

C. No, no, yours is better.

D. Thank you. I'm glad to hear that.

【剖析】本題就涉及到東、西方文化的差異。對(duì)于他人的贊美,我們中國(guó)人認(rèn)為謙虛就是一種美德,凡事先要自謙一番,所以不少同學(xué)會(huì)選擇C項(xiàng)。而英美人非常講究自重自信,受人夸獎(jiǎng)、贊美時(shí),用"It's kind of you to say so."或"Thank you."來表示感謝。細(xì)讀其它三項(xiàng),只有D項(xiàng)才是很得體的、自信的回答。

2. When you first meet an English man, it is not polite to ask, "_______?"

A. How are you B. How old are you

C. How do you do

D. What's your name, please

【剖析】不同的民族有不同的思維方式,從而產(chǎn)生了各自在文化交流上的差異。在英美等國(guó)家,向某人詢問婚姻狀況、年齡、工資收入等,都被認(rèn)為是失禮,甚至是粗魯?shù)男袨椤Ｋ麄冋J(rèn)為這些是個(gè)人隱私,不用別人過問、打聽。故選B。

二、注意習(xí)慣表達(dá)法的應(yīng)用

1. -May I speak to Mr Green, please?

-________

A. This is Mr Green speaking.

B. Yes, I am.

C. Do you know him?

D. I'm speaking.

【剖析】這是考查打電話的用語。打電話問對(duì)方是誰,不說"Who are you?"而要用"Who's that?"或"Is that +姓名?";回答對(duì)方或自我介紹,不用"I'm..."或"My name is..."而用"This is +姓名"。打電話時(shí),習(xí)慣用this指代自我,that指代對(duì)方。故選A。

2. -Thank you very much for lending it to me.

-_______.

A. Yes B. Don't thank me

C. No, thanks D. You're welcome

【剖析】由于受漢語的影響,有些同學(xué)會(huì)誤選A、B、C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)英美人的語言習(xí)慣可知正確答案是D項(xiàng)。回答對(duì)方感謝的話,除了"You're welcome. "外,還有 "That's all right." / "It's a pleasure." / "Don't mention it."

三、 注意依"景"確定表達(dá)式

1. -________?

-Yes, I'm looking for a pen.

A. Can I help you

B. What are you doing

C. What do you want to buy

D. What do you like

【剖析】解"情景對(duì)話"題時(shí)要把握英文中的文明得體的禮貌用語。如在服務(wù)行業(yè)中,漢語常以"你想要什么?",而英語常用What can I do for you? 或Can I help you?向顧客提供服務(wù)。故此題選A。

2. -________?

- Yes, but a bit cold.

A. Hot weather, isn't it

B. Cold weather, isn't it

C. A nice day, isn't it

D. Bad weather, don't you think so

【剖析】本題涉及到"談?wù)撎鞖?。A、B、D項(xiàng)均與答語中的but意思前后矛盾。C項(xiàng)作為問句,答語變得合情合理,即"是好天氣,但有點(diǎn)兒冷",前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系明確。

四、 注意"答"與"問"的一致

1. -What's the man in the hat?

-________.

A. He's my teacher

B. He is a driver

C. He is forty D. He is Li Ming

【剖析】What's the man? 此句型是針對(duì)某人的職業(yè)或身份詢問的,表示"......是干什么的?"此句相當(dāng)于What does the man do? 故選B。

2. -What's the date today?

-________.

A. It's Thursday B. It's a fine day

C. I'm 16 D. The third, I think

【剖析】此題涉及"date"。A項(xiàng)是問星期,與date無關(guān),應(yīng)排除;B項(xiàng)是問天氣的,與date無關(guān);C項(xiàng)的答語是回答年齡的;D項(xiàng)與答語相一致,所以是正確答案。